Voice Change

Voice Change

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Voice change;

⥀It means gradual change in speech or way of expressing verbs whether the subject does the work or it has been done by subject.

Types of Voice Change;

➤Active Voice:

When the subject of the sentence is the doer of the verb.

Structure;

Subject + verb + object.

I read the book.

➤Passive Voice:

When the subject of the sentence receives the action of the object.

structure:

➧Object + be verb + past participle form of main verb + by + subject.

The book is read by me.

➮Rule 1:

1.The subject of active voice is changed to the object of passive voice[from active to passive]

2.The object of passive voice  is changed to the subject of active voice.[from passive to active]

3.Past participle of main verb is placed after auxiliary/ be verb 

4.'Be verb' is changed according to tenses or subjects.

⟴Simple Present Tense: [from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + am,is,are+past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

         

    Ram        likes     chocolate.(active)

       ⇓             ⇓             ⇓

 (Subject)   (verb)    (Object)

  Chocolate is liked by Ram.(passive)

          ⇩              ⇩           ⇩

     (Object)     (verb)  (Subject) 

Continuous:[from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + am,is,are+being + past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

Ranu is singing a song.(active)

A song is being sung by Ranu.(passive)

perfect:[from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + has/have +been+ past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

He has killed a snake.

A snake has been killed by him.

➵Simple Past Tense:

Structure:

Object + was/were+ past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

He ate rice.(active)

Rice was eaten by him.(passive)

➸Continuous:[from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + was/were+being+ past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

I was doing my job.(active)

My job was being done by me.(passive)

➸perfect:[from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + had+been+ past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

I had done it.(active)

It had been done done by me.(passive)

➸Simple Future Tense:[from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + shall/will+be+ past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

I shall buy a newspaper.(active)

A newspaper will be bought by me.(passive)

➸Continuous:[from active to passive]

Structure:

[not in use]

➸perfect:[from active to passive]

Structure:

Object + would+have been+ past participle form of main verb+by+subject.

I shall have done it.(active)

It would have been done by me.(passive)

➭Rule 2:

a.Passive with retained object:

If a transitive verb has two objects like.........

He gave me a book

I was given a book by him.

b.Passive with factitive verb:

If a verb has an object and also a complement like...

The members of committee made him president.

He was made president by the members of committee.

c.Passive with cognate object;

When intransitive verb takes an object  like...

He ran a race

A race was run by him.

d.Passive with reflexive object:

When a verb takes self+object  like...

I hurt myself

I was hurt by myself.

e.Passive of Infinitives:

 When an objects takes to + verb 

There are lots of things to do.

There are lots of things to be done.

f.Passive with appropriate preposition:

When a verb takes appropriate preposition

I know him.

He is known to him.

g.Passive without 'by the doer'.

Some passive voice do not take 'by the doer'

One should take one's promise.

A promise should be kept.

➭Rule 3:

a.Imperative Sentence:[from active to passive]

It denotes order or request.

1.Use let at the beginning of the sentence.

2,After let put the 'object'

3.put 'be' in all cases before the past participle form of main verb.

4.You are told/requested/ordered or advised to/not to+base form of the main verb.

Structure:

Active;

Verb + object.

Passive:

Let + Object + be + past participle form of main verb.

Do it.[Active]

Let it be done.[Passive]

b.'Let' in Active and Passive with object:

Let + Object + be + past participle form of main verb+ by the doer.

Let him do the work [Active]

Let the work be done by him..[Passive]

c.Quasi-Passive voice:

Quasi-Passive voice is active in form but passive in sense.

Honey tastes sweet[Active]

Honey is sweet when it is tasted.[Passive]

Passive voice in complex sentence:

In the complex sentence,both principal and subordinate clauses should be changed.The introductory ''it''may also be used sometimes ,in such cases principal clause comes first.

One must endure what one can not cure.[Active]

 what one can not cure must be endured.[Passive]

  ⟰AT A GLANCE:

    

1.

Active: I know him Light filled the room His conduct annoyed me. Mother looked after the boy. They called him a fool. You must write to him People must know that he is honest. One should keep one’s promise. I saw him go out. They laugh at us

Passive: He is known to me. The room was filled with light. I was annoyed at his conduct. The boy was looked after by mother. He was called a fool. He must be written to. It is known  that he is honest. Promise should be kept. He was seen to go out. We  are laughed at by them .